The role of a DSO is pivotal in the modern electricity grid, especially as the energy landscape evolves towards increased decentralisation and the integration of renewable energy sources. Unlike traditional Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) that primarily managed a one-way flow of electricity from centralised generation plants to consumers, DSOs actively balance supply and demand in a more complex, multi-directional grid environment.
DSOs employ advanced digital technologies and real-time data analytics to monitor grid conditions, manage congestion, and integrate distributed energy resources (DERs) such as rooftop solar panels, wind turbines, and electric vehicles. This active management helps maintain grid stability and reliability while optimising the use of renewable energy. DSOs also facilitate the development of smart grids, which enhance the grid’s responsiveness to fluctuating energy demands and generation patterns.
In addition to operational responsibilities, DSOs play a crucial role in market facilitation by enabling the participation of DERs in energy markets and ensuring fair access to the grid for all market participants. This includes managing the technical and commercial aspects of connecting new energy resources to the distribution network, implementing demand-side management programs, and supporting the overall transition to a more sustainable and resilient energy system.