Smart charging systems operate by establishing a communication link between the EV, the charging station, and a centralised management platform, typically cloud-based. When an EV is plugged in, data such as charging time, speed, and grid capacity is transmitted via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or other network connections to the cloud platform. This platform analyses the data in real time and makes decisions about how and when to charge the vehicle. This enables the charging operator to control the amount of energy delivered to the EV, thereby avoiding peak demand times and preventing grid overloads.
Key features of smart charging include power sharing, which allows multiple EVs to charge simultaneously without exceeding the maximum capacity of the charging site, and power boost or peak shaving, which dynamically reduces the power allocated to EV charging when household or building energy use is high. Dynamic power sharing combines these features to optimise the overall energy distribution, ensuring efficient use of available power and avoiding expensive infrastructure upgrades.
Moreover, smart charging can integrate renewable energy sources like solar panels, enabling EVs to charge with green energy. This system supports vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, allowing energy to flow both ways—charging the EV and feeding energy back to the grid during high demand periods. This not only enhances grid stability but also provides financial benefits to EV owners through incentives and lower energy costs.
Smart charging stations also offer convenience features such as remote control via mobile apps, allowing users to monitor and adjust charging sessions, schedule charging during off-peak hours to save on electricity costs, and ensure their EVs are ready when needed. This connectivity and control make smart charging an essential component of the modern EV ecosystem, promoting energy efficiency, reducing costs, and supporting the transition to sustainable transportation.