AFIR replaces the earlier AFID with more ambitious and binding targets. It is a key component of the EU’s “Fit for 55” package, aimed at reducing net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. The regulation mandates that Member States develop a comprehensive network of alternative fuels infrastructure, ensuring the shift from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources is supported by adequate facilities.
For passenger cars and vans, AFIR requires Member States to install fast-charging stations at least every 60 km along the core corridors of the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) by 2025, extending to all smaller roads by 2030. For trucks and buses, the regulation mandates that 15% of the entire TEN-T must be equipped with fast-charging stations every 120 km by 2025, increasing to 50% by 2027, and achieving 100% coverage by 2030. The maximum distance between stations will be reduced to 60 km in the core TEN-T and 100 km in the comprehensive TEN-T by 2030.
AFIR sets specific power output targets to ensure the effectiveness of these charging stations, such as providing a minimum of 1.3 kW of publicly accessible power recharging output for each battery electric car. It also includes requirements for hydrogen refuelling stations, which must be installed at strategic intervals to support hydrogen-powered vehicles. The regulation also addresses infrastructure needs for maritime and aviation sectors, requiring shore-side electricity supply at all TEN-T core and comprehensive maritime ports by 2030 and electricity supply to stationary aircraft at all TEN-T core and comprehensive network airports by 2025 and 2030, respectively. AFIR represents a significant step towards creating a unified and efficient alternative fuels infrastructure across the EU, supporting broader goals of reducing emissions and promoting sustainable transport solutions.